From the Rule of Law to “Enemy Criminal Law” “Restructuring” Operations in Türkiye
This report examines the continuation of Türkiye’s post-2016 counter-terrorism practices through operations described as “Restructuring” or “Current Structuring.” It assesses the criminalization of ordinary social, financial and humanitarian activities, the extension of suspicion to family and social networks, and the compatibility of these practices with the ECHR, ICCPR and OSCE human rights commitments. Drawing on recent operations and relevant ECtHR case law, including Yalçınkaya v. Türkiye, the report calls for legal certainty, individualized criminal responsibility and effective independent monitoring.
Revised document (PDF · EN)
Publication record: 26 October 2026. Unsupported population estimate removed; Istanbul and Gaziantep distinguished; secondary-source limit disclosed. Previous publication (PDF · EN).
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